The  Cleveland 
Technical  High  School 


THE    CLEVELAND 
TECHNICAL  HIGH  SCHOOL 


ITS  INCEPTION,  PLANS  FOR  BUILDING 
AND  EQUIPMENT  TOGETHER  WITH 
AN  OUTLINE  OF  THE  COURSE 
OF  STUDY  TO  BE  PURSUED 


BOARD  OF  EDUCATION 
CLEVELAND 
1908 


The  Board  of  Education 

Organization  for  1908 


Members 

FRANCIS  H  HASEROT  SARAH  E  HYRE 

SAMUEL  P  ORTH  WILLIAM  G.  LEOPOLD 

ARTHUR  C  LUDLOW  WALTER  D  SAYLE 

JOHN  C  CANFIELD 


Officers 

FRANCIS  H  HASEROT President 

CHARLES  ORR Director  of  Schools 

WILLIAM  H  ELSON Superintendent  of  Schools 


The  Cleveland  Technical  High  School 

Building  Committee 

WILLIAM  G  LEOPOLD,  Chairman 
ARTHUR  C  LUDLOW  SAMUEL  P  ORTH 


Architect 
FRANCIS  S  BARNUM 

Principal 
JAMES  F  BARKER 

Address  all  communications  in  regard  to  the  Technical  High  School 
to  James  F.  Barker,  Principal 

School  Headquarters 
East  6th  Street  and  Rockwell  Avenue 


2065688 


S3 

I    c 


The  Cleveland  Technical  High 
School 


The  building  to  be  known  as  the  Cleveland  Technical 
High  School,  whose  walls  are  now  rapidly  rising  above  the 
ground,  owes  its  origin  to  the  Board  of  Education  of  1905. 
The  members  constituting  that  Board  were  as  follows : 

Mr.  Samuel  Orth  Mr.  Walter  D.  Sayle 

Mrs.  Sarah  E.  Hyre  Mr.  John  C.  Canfield 

Rev.  Arthur  C.  Ludlow  Mr.  William  G.  Leopold 

and  Mr.  Francis  H.  Haserot. 


In  his  inaugural  address,  President  Orth  called  atten- 
tion to  the  fact  that  the  efforts  toward  "Industrial  education 
as  carried  out  by  the  manual  training  department  of  the  high 
schools  were  wholly  inadequate.  That  this  manual  training 
was  entirely  secondary  and  that  though  it  aimed  at  manual 
aptness  it  was  not  of  such  a  nature  as  fitted  for  an  occupa- 
tion." Mr.  Orth  suggested  that  the  Board  set  inquiries 
afloat  looking  toward  the  establishment  of  a  school  for  such 
of  our  youth  as  desire  to  choose  for  their  calling  some  branch 
of  the  mechanical  arts.  On  February  29th  the  President,  in 
accordance  with  a  resolution  adopted  by  the  Board,  appointed 
the  following  Educational  Commission  "to  examine  carefully 
the  government,  supervision  and  course  of  study  of  the 
Cleveland  Public  Schools  and  make  suggestions:"  Messrs. 
J.  G.  W.  Cowles,  Elroy  M.  Avery,  E.  M.  Baker,  J.  H.  Cas- 
well,  Charles  Gentsch,  Frank  Hatfield,  Charles  S.  Howe,  F. 


4  TECHNICAL,   HIGH    SCHOOL. 

F.  Prentiss,  Thomas  L.  Johnson,  C.  W.  McCormick,  James 
McHenry  and  Charles  F.  Thwing. 

The  Cleveland  Technical  High  School 

The  findings  of  the  Educational  Commission  were  em- 
bodied in  a  series  of  reports  submitted  to  the  Board  of  Ed- 
ucation during  the  years  1905  and  1906.  Among  the  recom- 
mendations was  one  urging  the  establishment  of  a  manual 
training  high  school  and  this  formed  the  basis  for  the  further 
work  of  the  Board  in  carrying  out  the  suggestion  made  by 
Mr.  Orth  in  his  opening  address. 

On  September  26,  1905,  the  following  resolution  was 
adopted:  "That  the  Educational  Committee  of  this  Board 
be  hereby  instructed  to  investigate  the  advisability  of  estab- 
lishing a  Manual  Training  High  School  in  the  city  and  that 
it  be  empowered  to  extend  its  investigations  to  other  cities 
as  it  may  deem  wise  and  that  the  expense  of  such  investiga- 
tion be  and  is  hereby  authorized  by  this  Board." 

On  Monday,  March  5,  1906,  the  Board  of  Education 
unanimously  adopted  a  resolution  authorizing  the  issue  of 
bonds  for  $350,000  for  the  purpose  of  erecting  a  Manual 
Training  High  School. 

Since  that  time  a  marked  change  as  to  what  shall  be  the 
policy  of  this  school  has  brought  about  a  change  in  name 
and  henceforth  the  institution  is  to  be  known  as  the  Cleve- 
land Technical  High  School. 

Four  months  later  after  carefully  considering  the  ques- 
tion of  a  suitable  location  for  the  institution,  selection  of  site 
was  definitely  agreed  upon  and  the  property  acquired  Au- 
gust 13,  1906.  Its  location  on  East  55th  Street,  at  the  corner 
of  Scovill  Avenue,  places  the  school  within  easy  access  of 
all  parts  of  the  city.  The  East  55th  Street  car  line  makes 
it  possible  to  reach  the  school  from  the  south  side  direct 
and  from  the  east  and  west  sides  by  transfer  from  various 
lines.  The  Scovill  avenue  line  connects  directly  with  the 
business  district.  The  neighborhood  is  ideal,  being  just 
on  the  edge  of  a  great  manufacturing  district  which  is  de- 


TECHNICAL   HIGH    SCHOOL.  5 

sirable  for  such  a  school  and  yet  the  building  is  not  actually 
within  the  smoke  and  grime  of  such  localities.  The  magni- 
tude of  the  undertaking,  the  intricate  problems  involved 
and  the  newness  of  this  type  of  school  have  all  served  to 
make  a  proper  solution  difficult.  The  plans  have  been 
thoroughly  and  carefully  prepared  and  the  work  of  Archi- 
tect F.  S.  Barnum  in  this  connection  has  been  most  effi- 
cient. Active  operation  was  begun  on  the  building  August 
30th,  1907.  It  is  expected  that  the  building  will  be  com- 
pleted in  time  for  the  opening  of  school  in  September,  1908. 

The  design,  as  prepared  by  Mr.  Barnum,  is  English 
Gothic — a  style  which  is  coming  more  and  more  into  vogue 
for  school  buildings.  It  is  executed  in  a  dark  reddish- 
brown  shale  brick  with  brown  terra  cotta  trimming,  rest- 
ing upon  a  heavy  cut  stone  water  table.  The  front  is  di- 
vided by  the  projections  of  the  end  wings  and  the  central 
pavilion  into  most  pleasing  and  harmonious  proportions. 
The  selection  of  the  brick  named  was  made  through  a  de- 
sire to  give  the  building  as  massive  and  strong  an  appear- 
ance as  is  possible,  to  balance  the  very  large  amount  of 
wall  space  sacrificed  to  ample  lighting.  The  plan  is  like 
the  letter  "E"  in  form,  there  being  three  wings  abutting 
upon  the  main  building  which  has  its  main  facade  facing  the 
east. 

The  front  entrance  is  approached  on  East  55th  Street 
by  an  imposing  flight  of  granite  steps.  The  other  entrances 
are  located  upon  Portland  and  Scovill  avenues  respectively. 
Upon  entering  the  building  on  East  55th  Street,  access  is 
had  to  the  main  corridor  leading  both  north  and  south 
and  into  the  wings  over  this  entire  floor.  At  the  right  is 
located  a  reception  room  and  at  the  left  the  offices  of  ad- 
ministration. Immediately  opposite  the  entrance  is  a  spa- 
cious auditorium  with  a  seating  capacity,  including  main 
floor  and  balcony,  of  thirteen  hundred,  available  for  school 
assemblages  and  popular  evening  lecture  courses.  Pro- 
vision is  being  made  to  accommodate  one  thousand  day 
students. 


6  TECHNICAL   HIGH   SCHOOL. 

The  ground  floor  is  appoached  by  a  flight  of  stairs 
leading  down  from  the  corridor  opposite  the  front  entrance. 
The  center  space  is  assigned  to  the  ventilating  apparatus. 
The  lecture  rooms  and  laboratories  for  physics  and  chem- 
istry are  at  either  end.  In  the  north  wing  the  entire  area 
has  been  devoted  to  a  lunch  room  with  the  necessary  kitch- 
ens, serving  rooms,  etc.  Immediately  under  the  audito- 
rium are  the  gymnasium,  running  track,  showers  and  locker 
rooms.  The  south  wing  has  been  devoted  to  the  shops 
on  this  floor  as  well  as  upon  the  first  floor.  The  pottery 
department  will  be  equipped  with  potters'  wheels,  lathes 
for  turning  models,  a  slip  house  and  glaze  room  set,  kilns, 
etc.  Adjacent  to  this  is  the  forge  shop  with  provision  for 
a  blacksmith  class  of  thirty-six.  The  forges  will  be  ar- 
ranged for  down  draught  and  the  equipment  thoroughly 
modern  and  up  to  date  in  every  respect. 

The  next  room  is  the  machine  shop  with  heavy  equip- 
ment suitable  for  the  very  best  of  trade  instruction.  Lo- 
cated at  the  end  of  the  corridor  is  a  foundry  provided  with 
a  cupola  for  the  melting  of  iron,  a  brass  furnace,  suitable 
core  ovens,  etc.  At  the  extreme  back  of  the  building  the 
heating  and  power  plant  has  been  installed  where  it  is  pro- 
posed to  generate  heat  and  electric  light  and  power.  This 
plant  will  have  a  capacity  of  over  400  horse  power. 

On  the  first  floor  in  the  main  part  of  the  building  and 
also  in  the  Scovill  avenue  wing  the  rooms  will  be  devoted 
to  recitations.  Two  large  rooms  at  each  corner  of  the 
buiding,  with  a  seating  capacity  of  250,  have  been  set  aside 
for  session  rooms  in  order  that  the  pupils  may  have  an 
undisturbed  opportunity  for  study. 

In  the  Portland  avenue  wing  are  five  woodworking 
rooms  including  joinery,  turning,  cabinet  making,  pattern 
making  shops.  There  is  also  a  room  for  re-sawing  and 
storing  stock.  Modern  methods  make  it  essential  that  in 
addition  to  the  usual  hand  tools  in  these  rooms  suitable 
woodworking  machinery  be  provided. 

Opposite     the     entrance     to  the  wing  corridor  is  a 





CO       =£ 


Technical  High  School 
Basement  Plan 


TECHNICAL    HIGH    SCHOOL.  7 

draughting  room  for  the  use  of  students  preparing  designs 
for  shop  problems.  This  is  easily  accessible  to  all  pupils 
in  the  woodworking  department.  There  is  also  a  room  for 
varnishing  and  finishing  woodwork.  Adjacent  to  all  work 
shops  are  located  wash  rooms  provided  with  individual 
lockers  for  the  storage  of  working  clothes,  unfinished  pro- 
jects, etc. 

On  the  second  floor  are  additional  recitation  rooms, 
the  school  library,  elementary  science  laboratory  and  me- 
chanical drawing  rooms. 

On  the  third  floor  the  Scovill  avenue  wing  is  de- 
voted entirely  to  the  girls'  department.  Here  are  located 
the  kitchens  for  instruction  in  cooking,  the  dining  room  for 
lessons  in  table  service  and  the  laundry.  Rooms  for  in- 
struction in  plain  sewing,  dress-making  and  millinery  are 
situated  at  the  corner  of  the  building.  Additional  mechan- 
ical and  freehand  drawing,  applied  art  and  recitation  rooms 
occupy  the  remaining  floor  space.  A  club  room  for  school 
organizations,  separate  rest  rooms  for  women  and  for  men 
teachers,  are  also  given  space  in  the  building.  No  cloak 
rooms  for  the  storage  of  wraps  have  been  provided,  this 
feature  having  been  cared  for  by  ventilated  lockers  con- 
veniently distributed  about  the  corridors. 

The  courses  offered  by  this  school  will  be  radically 
different  from  those  offered  by  the  other  high  schools  of 
the  city.  College  entrance  requirements  can  not  in  any 
way  enter  into  a  determination  of  the  outlines  of  this 
school's  courses.  However,  the  preparation  needed  for 
admission  to  the  colleges  is  even  now  undergoing  radical 
revision  and  doubtless  the  industrial  instruction  afforded 
by  this  school  will  in  the  immediate  future  receive  recogni- 
tion. But  first  and  foremost  the  Cleveland  Technical  High 
School  is  intended  to  be  a  finishing  school  in  itself  whose 
graduates  will  leave  school  prepared  to  enter  a  vocation. 
Throughout  the  country  specialization  in  every  direction 
has  marked  all  growth  and  development  and  schools  de- 
voted to  special  purposes  are  no  exception.  For  those 


8  TECHNICAL   HIGH   SCHOOL. 

wishing  to  prepare  for  college  or  who  wish  a  general  educa- 
tion the  present  high  schools  are  available.  A  movement  is 
on  foot  looking  toward  the  separation  of  all  business  courses 
into  a  Commercial  High  School.  A  similar  school  whose 
atmosphere  will  be  distinctly  academic  is  already  upon  the 
architect's  boards. 

In  the  Technical  High  School  the  atmosphere  must  be 
one  of  manufacture  and  industry  and  upon  these  themes 
the  academic  studies  are  to  bear  with  particular  force. 

High  Schools  in  the  past  have  not  taught  very  many 
subjects  with  a  definite  view  to  their  ultimate  utility  but 
have  sought  only  general  culture.  In  a  school  which  trains 
for  a  vocation  less  attention  can  be  paid  to  general  education; 
subject-matter  of  a  more  specific  nature  must  occupy  the 
time  and  efforts  of  the  students.  Arithmetic,  also  algebra 
of  a  very  definite  character  dealing  largely  with  shop  prob- 
lems is  essential ;  English,  treating  of  industrial  and  labor 
problems,  of  manufacturing  processes  and  distribution  of 
the  product  together  with  the  study  of  the  great  industrial 
authors  such  as  Carlyle,  Ruskin  and  William  Morris,  can 
well  supplant  the  more  purely  literary  authors.  So  also 
with  German  which  offers  a  fine  field  of  technical  reading; 
history  can  be  taught  along  lines  of  industrial  devel- 
opment; science  can  be  applied  science  of  the  most  inten- 
sive sort;  and  so  on  throughout  the  entire  list  of  studies 
comprising  the  course.  This  means  a  radical  departure 
from  current  high  school  practice  and  courses  will  not 
parallel  those  in  the  other  high  schools.  So  large  an 
amount  of  time  will  be  devoted  to  shop  practice  and  ap- 
plied mechanical  drawing  that  pupils  entering  this  school 
from  other  high  schools  will  be  at  a  distinct  disadvantage 
along  these  lines.  The  courses  in  manual  training  which 
remain  in  the  present  high  schools  must  nevertheless  be 
guided  by  the  type  of  industrial  instruction  of  the  Technical 
High  School;  this  makes  advisable  the  supervision  of  all 
high  school  manual  training  from  this  center. 

Upon  the  opening  of  the  school  a  few  pupils  of  ad- 


Technical  High  School 
First  Floor  Plan 


Technical  High  School 
Second  Floor  Plan 


TECHNICAL   HIGH   SCHOOI,.  II 

vanced  standing  will  be  admitted  but  only  where  the  appli- 
cants can  indicate  a  special  fitness  for  the  courses  here  of- 
fered. The  removal  of  the  present  forge  and  machine 
shops  to  the  Technical  High  School  and  the  elimination  of 
the  junior  and  senior  years  in  mechanical  drawing  from 
the  courses  of  the  other  high  schools  will  doubtless  create 
an  immediate  demand  for  instruction  of  the  same  grade. 
To  meet  this  demand  it  is  proposed  to  open  this  school 
with  classes  in  all  departments,  including  the  junior  and 
senior  years.  The  upper  classes,  however,  will  necessarily 
be  small  in  number  and  it  may  not  be  found  possible  to 
admit  all  applicants.  The  rating  of  the  diploma  from  the 
Technical  High  School  should  mean  so  much  in  an  indus- 
trial way  that  the  number  of  pupils  constituting  the  first 
graduating  classes  must  be  greatly  restricted,  since  none 
will  have  had  the  full  mechanical  arts  course  of  instruc- 
tion. 

During  the  last  two  years  of  the  course  pupils  will 
be  allowed  to  specialize  along  lines  to  which  they  are  par- 
ticularly adapted  in  order  that  upon  graduation  they  may 
be  better  fitted  for  their  life  work.  Some  vocation  must 
be  chosen  by  a  great  majority  of  young  men  and  young 
women  since  only  a  small  proportion  find  it  possible  to 
enter  a  profession  or  a  business  career.  This  is  forced 
upon  a  majority  of  our  young  people  early  in  life  and  if 
proper  choice  can  then  be  made  it  is  a  distinct  advantage. 

Since  the  principles  underlying  all  arts  are  identical, 
during  the  first  two  years  a  more  or  less  definitely  pre- 
scribed outline  of  instruction  must  be  laid  down.  If  at 
the  end  of  this  time  peculiar  adaptability  in  any  particular 
direction  becomes  evident  to  student,  parent  or  teacher, 
specialization  along  this  line  will  be  possible.  To  illustrate 
more  clearly,  take  the  case  of  a  young  man  who  finds  that 
his  tastes  and  talents  run  along  lines  of  machinery  con- 
struction. During  his  third  and  fourth  years  he  may  de- 
vote twenty  hours  a  week  to  machine  shop  practice.  Af- 
ter completing  the  first  two  preliminary  years  in  wood  and 


12  TECHNICAL,   HIGH    SCHOOL,. 

iron  working  he  may  then  devote  a  major  part  of  his  time 
to  the  particular  branch  along  which  his  abilities  lie  and 
to  which  he  may  wish  to  devote  his  life  work. 

In  this  selection  the  school  can  properly  fill  a  definite 
place.  If  a  boy  has  mechanical  ability  this  is  the  school 
for  him  to  attend.  If  his  attainments  point  in  other  direc- 
tions the  other  high  schools  are  available. 

The  department  for  girls  will  have  domestic  science 
and  domestic  and  industrial  art  for  its  basis  and  around 
these  studies  the  rest  of  their  work  will  be  grouped.  Home- 
making  courses  are  of  greatest  value  to  girls  and  to  train 
in  this  direction  will  be  the  aim  of  these  departments.  Cook- 
ing will  be  very  practical  and  comprehensive,  covering  prep- 
aration and  analysis  of  foods,  the  study  of  food  values, 
and  the  preparation  and  serving  of  complete  meals.  This 
will  be  supplemented  by  courses  in  home  planning  and 
house  decoration,  taking  up  the  study  and  arrangement  of 
rooms,  wall  and  floor  coverings,  study  of  furniture  and  pic- 
tures, draperies,  etc.  This  will  be  organized  with  particu- 
lar reference  to  economy  and  good  taste.  Segregated 
classes  for  the  study  of  physiology  and  personal  hygiene 
will  give  students  an  opportunity  to  acquire  a  knowledge 
of  those  things  which  are  so  essential  to  their  future  health 
and  happiness. 

This  instruction  will  be  supplemented  by  a  complete 
course  in  home  nursing,  including  first  aid  to  the  injured, 
the  care  of  invalids  and  particularly  of  children.  Instruc- 
tion in  our  high  schools  has  never  been  specific  enough 
along  these  lines  but  has  been  of  a  purely  general  nature. 
These  courses  are  to  be  very  practical  and  to  the  point  to 
the  end  that  when  a  girl  has  forced  upon  her  the  care 
of  the  home  and  the  family  she  will  be  thoroughly  prepared 
for  functions  of  this  sort.  Keeping  of  household  accounts, 
economic  home  management,  marketing,  etc.,  will  receive 
due  consideration.  . 

Similar  opportunities  for  specialization  during  the  last 
two  years  of  the  course  will  be  offered  girls  as  are  provided 


Technical  High  School 
Third  Floor  Plan 


14  TECHNICAL    HIGH    SCHOOL. 

for  boys.  In  most  classes  the  nature  of  the  studies  and 
method  of  teaching  demand  a  separation  of  boys  from 
girls.  There  will  therefore  be  organized  within  this  build- 
ing a  boys'  school  and  a  girls'  school. 

For  a  course  of  study  so  enriched  with  industrial  work 
as  the  proposed  outline  indicates,  a  longer  school  day  than 
is  at  present  the  practice  in  Cleveland  is  absolutely  neces- 
sary. A  two-session  day  with  four  school  periods  in  each 
half  has  been  decided  upon.  The  morning  session  will  open 
at  8 :30  and  continue  until  11 :45,  the  afternoon  session 
opening  at  12  :45,  closing  at  4 :00 — one-half  of  the  day  be- 
ing devoted  to  manual  instruction,  the  other  half  to  academ- 
ic studies. 

The  deeper  interest  felt  by  students  undertaking  an 
education  of  this  kind  and  the  relaxation  in  industrial  work 
of  the  nature  to  be  provided  at  the  Technical  High  School 
make  so  long  a  day  possible.  Then,  too,  it  is  felt  that 
pupils  attending  this  school  will  be  so  thoroughly  in  earnest 
in  their  desire  to  fit  themselves  for  a  vocation  that  the  hard 
work  laid  down  in  the  courses  will  be  entirely  feasible. 

Many  graduates  from  the  eighth  grade  upon  leaving 
the  grammar  school  go  to  work  and,  having  once  started 
in  an  earning  capacity,  never  enter  the  high  school.  Were 
studies  in  which  they  are  interested  immediately  available 
many  students  who  now  do  not  go  to  high  school  at  all 
would  continue  their  education. 

By  eliminating  entirely  the  long  summer  vacation  a 
saving  of  an  entire  year  in  the  high  school  course  will  be 
accomplished.  This  is  most  desirable  from  the  standpoint 
of  the  student  of  limited  means  who  wishes  to  secure  a 
maximum  of  education  in  a  minimum  of  time.  It  is  there- 
fore proposed  to  offer  a  three-year  course  as  well  as  a  four- 
year  course.  In  any  event  the  work  covered  will  be  iden- 
tical. The  school  year  will  therefore  be  divided  into  four 
twelve-week  periods  with  an  intermission  of  one  week  be- 
tween quarters. 

Pupils  who  do  not  wish  to  take  advantage  of  this  short- 


TECHNICAL   HIGH    SCHOOL.  15 

ened  course  or  whose  physical  condition  does  not  permit 
of  the  close  application  of  continuous  study  will  still  have 
the  opportunity  of  devoting  four  years  to  their  high  school 
course. 

The  keen  interest  already  evinced  by  merchants  and 
manufacturers  of  the  city  means  that  this  institution  will 
bring  employers  into  close  touch  with  students  seeking 
positions.  The  school  can  thus  include  in  its  duties  the 
bringing  together  of  these  two  classes. 

The  school  will  be  open  to  all  sections  of  the  city  and 
students  from  any  district  may  attend.  The  double  ses- 
sion makes  a  lunch  room  absolutely  essential  and  to  provide 
a  warm  noon  meal  at  a  very  slight  cost  will  therefore  be 
necessary.  The  lunch  room  will  be  conducted  as  nearly 
as  possible  upon  a  no-profit  basis.  It  has  been  found 
possible  to  supply  a  good  noon  meal  for  from  eight  to 
twelve  cents,  and  by  supplementing  the  hot  dishes  with  a 
luncheon  from  home,  for  a  sum  even  less  than  this. 

One  of  the  most  important  missions  which  this  school 
can  fill  is  the  betterment  of  people  already  engaged  in  a 
given  vocation.  The  abolishment  of  the  apprenticeship 
system  in  the  subdivision  of  manufacturing  processes  has 
practically  made  it  impossible  for  mechanics  to  secure  any 
general  training  which  enables  them  to  better  their  con- 
dition. There  is  a  crying  need  among  semi-skilled  working 
classes  of  an  opportunity  for  industrial  education  and  the 
Technical  High  School  will  offer  trade  courses  during  the 
evening  to  men  and  women  already  engaged  in  a  given 
trade. 

The  night  classes  will  be  divided  into  two  sections, 
each  reporting  three  nights  a  week  from  7 :00  until  9  :30. 
One  section  will  meet  Monday,  Wednesday  and  Friday 
evenings,  the  other  Tuesday,  Thursday  and  Saturday 
evenings.  In  this  way  the  night  trade  school  could  accom- 
modate 1,400  men  and  600  women. 

The  same  equipment  which  is  used  for  technical  in- 
struction in  the  day  school  will  be  available  for  instruction 


1 6  TKCHNICAL   HIGH   SCHOOL. 

in  the  evening  classes,  though  doubtless  the  woodwork- 
ing department  will  not  be  as  heavily  taxed  as  will  the 
iron  working  department.  Instruction  will  be  offered  men 
in  carpentry,  cabinet  making,  pattern  making,  foundry  prac- 
tice, tool  forging,  sheet  metal  and  machine  shop  practice. 
Allied  with  these  subjects  will  be  instruction  in  trade  math- 
ematics and  a  course  in  English  and  applied  mechanical 
drawing;  architectural  and  machine  drawing  will  also  be 
given.  Freehand  drawing,  charcoal  and  water  color  ren- 
dering, clay  modeling,  book  binding,  leather  work,  art  metal 
work  and  design  as  applied  to  the  crafts  will  also  be  offered. 

A  complete  course  in  plain  hand  sewing,  dress  cutting 
and  fitting,  machine  sewing,  spring  and  fall  millinery,  and 
all  of  the  above  industrial  arts  will  be  available  to  women 
in  the  evening  school.  Plain  cooking  and  whatever  allied 
courses  that  are  called  for  by  sufficient  numbers  to  warrant 
a  class  will  come  within  the  scope  of  the  night  instruction. 

A  two  years'  course  will  warrant  the  issuing  of  a  cer- 
tificate and  by  requiring  a  high  standard  of  work  such 
a  certificate  should  have  distinct  value.  It  should  mean 
the  placing  in  the  hands  of  graduates  of  the  evening  schools 
a  certificate  of  character,  workmanship  and  industrial  in- 
telligence. 


TECHNICAL   HIGH   SCHOOL.  17 

Course  of  Study  for  Boys 

First  Year 

Periods 
per  Week. 

English     5 

Arithmetic    and    Algebra     5 

Industrial  Geography 5 

Freehand    Drawing   and    Mechanical    Drawing    5 

Turning  one-third  year,  cabinet  making  two-thirds  year 8 

Physical    Training    2 

Second  Year 

English     5 

Plane    Geometry     5 

Elementary    Chemistry    5 

Mechanical    Drawing     5 

Pattern   Making  and   Foundry   Practice   one-third     year;     Forging    two-thirds 

year 8 

Physical   Training    ' 2 

Third  Year 

English     5 

Industrial    History    or    German    : 5 

Physics    5 

Mechanical    Drawing     5 

Machine  shop  one-third  year;   Elective  shop  two-thirds  year 10 

Fourth  Year 

Advanced    Mathematics    or    Science    5 

American    History    and    Civics     6 

German  or  Commercial  Geography  and  Law  or  Elective  Shop 5 

Mechanical    Drawing    5 

Elective   Shop  Work  or  Mechanical   Drawing 10 


Note:  Students  desiring  History  or  German  may  substitute  during  the  First 
and  Second  Years  either  of  these  subjects  for  Science.  Chemistry  and 
Physics  are  then  to  be  taken  the  Third  and  Fourth  Years. 


1 8  TECHNICAL   HIGH   SCHOOL. 

Course  of  Study  for  Girls 

First  Year 

Periods 
per   week. 

English     5 

Arithmetic    and    Algebra     5 

Botany  and   Physiology    5 

Industrial  Arts  or  Domestic  Arts   14 

Physical    Training        2 

Second  Year 

English     5 

Constructive    Geometry    5 

Elementary    Chemistry    5 

Industrial   Arts  or   Domestic   Arts    14 

Physical    Training    2 

Third  Year 

English     5 

Industrial   and   Art   History    (European) 5 

Physics  or  German    5 

Industrial  Arts  or  Domestic  Arts  14 

Physical    Training    2 

Fourth  Year 

English  or  Commercial  Geography  and  Law  or  Elective  Applied  Art 6 

Industrial   and  Art  History   (American)    and   Civics 5 

Advanced    Science   or    German    5 

Domestic   Science,    Sewing  or   Elective  Applied  Art 14 

Physical   Training    2 

Notes 

The  Industrial  Arts  Course  includes: 

Applied    Art    10 

Domestic  Science  or   Sewing    4 

The  Domestic  Arts  Course  includes: 

Domestic    Science    4 

Sewing     4 

Applied    Art      6 

Applied  Art  includes  cardboard  construction,  pottery,  leather  work,  wood 
block  printing,  book  binding  and  metal  work.  Freehand  Drawing,  com- 
position and  design  (any  medium). 

Domestic  Science  includes  cooking,  table  service,  laundry,  invalid  cookery, 
nursing,  hygiene  and  sanitation,  household  accounts,  home  decoration  and 
dietetics. 

Sewing  includes  plain  hand  and  machine  sewing,  dress  cutting  and  fitting, 
millinery  and  art  needle  work. 


THE    BROOKS    CO. 


